`pipenv` & `virtualenv`

学习地址：https://docs.python-guide.org/dev/virtualenvs/

Make sure you have got python and pip install:

1
2
3

$ python --version

$ pip --version

pipenv

1. Install pipenv:

   1	$ pip install --user pipenv

2. Install packages for your project:

   1 2 3

   $ cd myproject $ pipenv install requests

3. Using installed packages:

   For script file as below (main.py):

   1 2 3 4 5

   import requests response = requests.get('https://httpbin.org/ip') print('Your IP is {0}'.format(response.json()['origin']))

   Then you can run this script using pipenv run:

   1	$ pipenv run python main.py

   It’s also possible to spawn a new shell that ensures all commands have access to your installed packages with

   1	$ pipenv shell

virtualenv

1. Install virutalenv via pip:

   1 2 3 4 5

   $ pip install virtualenv ... $ virtualenv --version # Test your installation

2. virtualenv venv will create a folder in the current directory which will contain the Python executable files, and a copy of the pip library which you can use to install other packages:

   1 2	$ virtualenv <venv> # omitting the name will place the files in the current directory instead.

   You can also chose your own python interpreter:

   1	$ virtualenv -p /usr/bin/python2.7 <venv>

3. To begin using the virtual environment, it needs to be activated:

   1	$ source venv/bin/activate

4. If you are done working in the virtual environment for the moment, you can deactivate it:

   1	$ deactivate

virtualenvwrapper

1. To install (make sure virtualenv is already installed):

   1 2 3 4 5

   $ pip install virtualenvwrapper $ export WORKON_HOME=~/.python_envs $ source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

2. Create a virtual environment:

   1	$ workon <my_project>

3. Alternatively, you can make a project, which creates the virtual environment, and also a project directory inside $WORKON_HOME, which is cd-ed into when you workon myproject:

   1	$ mkproject <my_project>

4. Deactivating is still the same:

   1	$ deactivate

5. To delete the enviroment:

   1	$ rmvirtualenv <venv>

6. Other useful commands

   • lsvirtualenv: List all of the environments.
   • cdvirtualenv: Navigate into the directory of the currently activated virtual environment, so you can browse its site-packages, for example.
   • cdsitepackages: Like the above, but directly into site-packages directory.
   • lssitepackages: Shows contents of site-packages directory.